Wednesday, September 30, 2009

"Liberal Fascism"

That could never happen here. That's what we tell ourselves, especially whenever we look at the horrors of the past. Hitler's Nazi Germany and the Italian Fascism under Benito Mussolini are particularly distasteful to us. Let us never repeat the mistakes of the past, especially those (and others like them) atrocities.

But the truth is, history is repeating itself. It is already happening here. And it has been happening for quit some time.

That is the basic argument in Jonah Goldberg's best-selling book, "Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left from Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning." Goldberg, as the title suggests, traces the history of liberalism and progressivism from the rise of Mussolini in Italy, to Hitler in Germany, to Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Franklin D. Roosevelt, to the Great Society, to the 60's, and finally to Hillary Clinton and the "Politics of Meaning." I cannot review this entire book. It is deep, thick, and there is simply more here than one can adequately comment on. Instead, I would like to give a few comments on various aspects of the book.

First, the chapter looking at the birth of progressivism in America and how it influenced some of the events going on in Europe, like Hitler, was interesting. I am particularly speaking about Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The critique, survey, and quotes attributed to President Wilson are rather shocking. It is interesting how impressed some of the fascist in Europe were when looking at or reflecting on his Presidency. Wilson used World War 1 as a means to limit and, at times, deny freedom to Americans. Wilson became a sort of elected dictator and the war was used as the means to push progressive policies and changes in the government.

But that is the common theme throughout the book that connects it with today's economic crisis. Progressivism spreads through crisis' whether real crisis' or made up crisis' (such as global warming). Wilson had the War, FDR had the Great Depression, LBJ was able to pass the Great Society through various issues he faced. Now, it seems, that President Barack Obama is doing the same thing. After the election, Obama's chief-of-staff Rahm Emanuel said, "You don’t ever want a crisis to go to waste; it’s an opportunity to do important things that you would otherwise avoid." And the Obama administration has done just that. They have taken over US businesses (even firing CEO's and putting a cap on their pay), seeking to take over Health Care, etc.

Perhaps what I found most intriguing in the book was the chapter dedicated to racism and eugenics. Issues like abortion and birth control, historically speaking, are eugenic in nature. The author gives plenty of evidence to support his case. The progressive movement has been honest and open enough that we cannot miss this reality. Those aborted as disproportionally black and poor. It is such persons that the left has sought to eliminate by making them victims and by encouraging them to abort "unwanted pregnancies." Perhaps the most frightening and eye-opening quote was from a letter from Ron Weddington to then President-elect Bill Clinton:

"Some years ago another Southern Governor, when asked about the possibilities for prison reform, supposedly said something to the effect of, ‘Well, I don’t think we’re going to get very far until we get a better class of prisoner.’

Well, I don’t think you are going to get very far in reforming the country until we have a better educated, healthier, wealthier population . . .

But you can start immediately to eliminate the barely educated, unhealthy and poor segment of our country. No, I’m not advocating some sort of mass extinction of these unfortunate people. Crime, drugs and disease are already doing that. The problem is that their numbers are not only replaced but increased by the birth of millions of babies to people who can’t afford to have babies.

There, I’ve said it. It’s what we all know is true, but we only whisper it, because as liberals who believe in individual rights, we view any program which might treat the disadvantaged differently as discriminatory, mean-spirited and . . . so Republican . . .

And, having convinced the poor that they can’t get out of poverty when they have all those extra mouths to feed, you will have to provide the means to prevent the extra mouths, because abstinence doesn’t work . . . It’s time to officially recognize that people are going to have sex and what we need to do as a nation is prevent as much disease and as many poor babies as possible . . .

No, government is also going to have to provide vasectomies, tubal ligations and abortions . . . RU 486 and conventional abortions. Even if we make birth control as ubiquitous as sneakers and junk food, there will still be unplanned pregnancies. There have been about 30 million abortions in this country since Roe v. Wade. Think of all the poverty, crime and misery . . . and then add 30 million unwanted babies to the scenario."

Shocking to say the least. Abortion, birth control, and other controversial issues have their birth in the move towards eugenics. The connection with Hitler's Germany is obvious. Rather than have concentration camps, we have abortion clinics. This chapter was rather frightening and something that all Americans need to wake up and realize.

Regarding the chapter about Hillary Clinton a few things should be said. First, being that the book was written in the middle of the Presidential primaries, this chapter was given the attention it was given probably because the author assumed that Mrs. Clinton would be the Democratic nominee for President. Most did not see or predict that President Obama would defeat her in the primaries. With hindsight, I found myself wondering what the author thinks about this chapter now since Obama is the President and not Clinton.

Beyond that, though, Clinton's "it takes a village" mentality is interesting and well documented (that is the title of one of her books). The issue of parental rights is controversial and it seems that parents are losing their rights everyday. Clinton, it would seem, supports this wholeheartedly putting her trust in the government instead of the parents. All parents needs to understand this issue thoroughly in order to engage the culture and government and defend their right to parent their children the way they see fit before we loose our rights completely.

Finally, something should be said about the nature of the book. By comparing progressivism and liberalism to Hitler and other despots, the author is not saying that liberals are Nazi's bent on world domination and Jewish eradication. This is the problem with the debates going on today. Nazism was the socialist party. Period. To say that there is a connection between American socialism and German Nazism during the 1930's and 1940's does not mean that liberals and their elected officials want to set up concentration camps.

The author is not making that connection. He is rather arguing that liberalism and progressivism in America is similar to the fascism of Germany and Italy. There are a lot of parallels that we need to take seriously. Now only can it happen here, but is already has happened here. The author argues that the progressive movement is saying, encouraging, pushing, and legislating the same things as fascist of the past and we need to wake up to this reality.

Overall, I found this book insightful and worth the time it took to read its many pages. I do not agree with everything in the book, but it certainly is an important book. All Americans should consider the authors argument and come to their own conclusions. I fear that most have written it off as part of the "right-wing conspiracy." But it is anything but that. History does repeat itself and it seems that the many ideas of 20th century fascism are still around, being promoted in very much the same ways. "That could never happen here," should never pass our lips for it is a lie that could cost us the very liberties that we are currently taking for granted.
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Monday, September 28, 2009

"A Christianity Worth Believing In"


What is the Emerging Church going to call itself whenever it has finally emerged? The question is ignored by most in the movement, but it is a valid question. Emergents argue that they are always changing, reforming, adapting, learning, and engaging in the ongoing conversation. But is this really the case? After reading Doug Pagitt's book, "A Christianity Worth Believing In: Hope-Filled, Open-Armed, Alive and Well Faith for the Left Out, Left Behind, Let Down in Us All," it sounds to me that Emergents are changing, engaging, learning, adapting, and questioning, but rather are stagnant and saying the same things over and over again.

Pagitt offers nothing new here. I have read enough of the Emerging Church to already know what each book is about. Now it seems that as the volumes of books, blogs, articles, interviews, radio shows, sermons, and lectures increases, they are saying the same thing. This book is nothing more than what has already been said.

Pagitt, as the title suggests, sets out to present the reader with a Christian faith that is worth believing and practicing. He does so by stripping the faith down to a point that there isn't much to believe. Pagitt denies original sin, redefines the meaning of sin, rejects depravity, says nothing positive regarding penal substitution, and defines the Kingdom of God is almost exlcusively as being present, thus leaving the read to think that the Kingdom of God is a social gospel movement.

Am I appalled? Of course. But I am certainly not surprised. I have heard this before. What Pagitt offers is a systematic theology, even though they hate systematic theologies, of Emerging Church beliefs. The gospel to them is something we do. We enter into a relationship with Jesus. We give up fighting and retaliating like Jesus on the cross. We leave the world better than we left it. Yada. Yada. Yada.

So should you read this book? If you want to. If you have read nothing or very little about or from the Emerging Church, then this would be a descent place to start. But if you have any extensive knowledge of the movement, this might be a good review of what you already know and have read. This books advantage is that it is written by a major leader in the Emergent movement.

But if you want a faith worth believing in, you won't find it here. Not a chance.

Friday, September 18, 2009

"The Life-Changing Power in the Name of Jesus" by Jennifer Kennedy Dean

I AM. This is the shortest sentence in the English language. Or so I'm told. But to the Christian, it means more than that. It adequately defines who God is. At the burning bush, Moses asks God who He was. His answer: "I AM that I AM." Probably not the answer Moses was looking for, but the right answer nonetheless.

Centuries later, Jesus of Nazareth shows up and starts talking like God. "I AM the Good Shepherd." "I AM the Light of the World." "I AM the Resurrection and the Life." "I AM the Bread of Life." Etc. Such statements set Jesus apart from everyone else. By declaring Himself as "I AM" Jesus was essentially saying that He, Himself, was God in the flesh. No wonder the Jews wanted Him dead!

John's Gospel gives us 7 major I AM statements in the ministry of Jesus. Author Jennifer Kennedy Dean in her book, "The Life-Changing Power in the Name of Jesus," looks at each of those 7 statements. I must admit, I'm not very good at reading and following Bible study guides. But this one is well worth the effort.

Any good study into these 7 statements is well worth the time and effort and Dean has written an excellent book on the subject. As a Bible study guide, she asks good questions, raises excellent issues, and gives adequate and thorough background and theological explanation that the reader can better understand what Jesus meant and what it means for us today.

I was very grateful that Dean was willing to take the time to go into a lot of detail, background, and history behind each text. Too many study guides say very little and leave the reader hanging. This study guide, on the other hand, guides the reader into greater depth into each passage. Of all of the study guides I have read and gone through, this is one of the best. I strongly encourage anyone wanting a deeper understanding into who Jesus really is to pick up this book and do the study yourself. Jesus is the Great I AM. Or as He put it, "Before Abraham was I AM!"

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For More:

American Gospel

I have a certain fascination with the Presidents. I find all of them interesting in their own way. It takes a special person to serve as this nations President. I have a certain fascination with the founding fathers. It is one of those areas that I enjoy to study but know very little about. I am particularly intrigued over the issue of the faith of the founding fathers. Therefore, I picked up the book, "American Gospel: God, the Founding Fathers, and the Making of a Nation," by Jon Meacham.

Meacham is no right-winged Evangelical Christian. His person faith is a mystery to me. He is a historian. He offers a honest critique and survey of the faith of the founding fathers. But his main goal is not to just tell the reader what the Founding Father's believed. He seeks to go deeper. He seeks to identify the American gospel. What Americans believe about God historically and how it has shaped her for over 200 years.

The author argues that the Founder's were not trying to create a Christian nation, contrary to the argument of many evangelical Christians. However, the secular argument is inadequate as well. The Founder's had a deep belief in God (some where Christians, some were Deists, etc.) and virtually all of them believed in and leaned on the Providence of God. It is from this idea that the author seems to begin his survey of American history.

Though much of the book looks at the Founding Father's, the author spends much of the book looking at various moments of American history regarding the faith of America. He raises issues such as the doctrine of Separation of State and Church, civil rights, and other moments in American history. The author offers an insightful look into this controversial subject. Although I disagree with him at a number of points, he does seem to give a balance between the inaccurate assumptions of Evangelical Christians that all of the Founder's were dedicated Christians (Jefferson butchered the Gospels and published his own version of them) and the false beliefs of secularism that religion and faith had no role or influence in the founding of our nation and government.

This is a very difficult issue, but one that must continually be debated. The role of faith and religion were central to the Founders and has been throughout our history. The denial such truths are dangerous. Our heritage is one of faith. American has always leaned on the Providence of God from Washington to Lincoln on to the present day. Secularist pose a particular threat to this legacy. Mecham offers an interesting book, well written, and well researched. I encourage everyone to give it a read and am interested in seeing what others think about this issue.

"Human Dignity in a Biotech Century"

Charles Colson is one of the most influential Christians in the culture today. He has written and spoken on a number of topics. I strongly encourage everyone to read everything he has published. I am currently taking a Bioethics class and one of our books was edited by Charles Colson and called "Human Dignity in a Biotech Century: A Christian Vision For Public Policy."

The book consists articles and essays by some of today's leading biotechnology Christian ethicist. They all believe in the sanctity and dignity of human life. For that reason, it is worth the read. Each writer brings to the table decades of experience, influence, and knowledge to various issues. The editors manage to cover a whole range of topics throughout the books many pages.

Overall, this is a helpful and insightful book. The reader must realize the difficult of bioethics. Even while taking a class on the subject, I found myself lost in the difficulties of the issues. I am no science buff by any stretch of the imagination. Throughout the book I found myself confused and lost, not because of the inabilities of the authors, but because of the difficulties the various bioethical issues addressed in this book.

Some chapters were more helpful than others, but overall, the editors have published a fine book. There is good reasons why my professor asked us to read this (among others) book as a helpful introduction into bioethics and the Christian worldview.

Saturday, September 5, 2009

"Ronald Reagan"

Who would you consider to be the two most influential Presidents of the 20th Century? Teddy Roosevelt? Woodrow Wilson? Harry Trueman? Ike? John F. Kennedy? Bill Clinton? According to Dinesh D'Souza, he considers Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan to be the two most important and influential Presidents of the previous century. And he considers Reagan to be the most misunderstood and yet most important of them all. And I think he is right.

Certainly FDR is beheld and loved by many in the culture and historians have looked favorably upon him. No one has ever, or will ever, serve as President longer than he. He served as President during the greatest economic and national crisis' our nation has ever faced (with exception to the Civil War perhaps). The Great Depression and World War II are certainly two issues that FDR overcame (how he did so remains debated) and for that he is looked upon favorably.

Furthermore, FDR changed America itself. By ushering in the New Deal, FDR challenged the American economic foundation of capitalism. Within just 100 days, FDR managed to pass a massive amount of legislation that would forever change the course of American policy. Likewise, the conclusion of the war (which FDR did not live to see) was brought about by dropping 2 atomic bombs on Japan thus ushering the world into a new era of weapons of mass destruction.

FDR certainly changed things.

But what about Reagan. Conservatives adore him, liberals loathe him. The culture and the media hated him then considering him an idiot, and things haven't changed since. Reagan was no elite and he did not play the role they wanted him to play. Reagan was not polite towards his enemies and he constantly ran circles around his opponents.

But one cannot deny that Reagan changed the world. He, almost single-handily, brought down the Soviet Union and ended the cold war (I am not denying the impact and influence of previous Presidents. But one cannot deny that Reagan confronted them unlike anyone else and this certainly played a major role in their collapse). Furthermore, he revived the American economy which was suffering under President Jimmy Carter who almost single-handily destroyed it and tried to convince the American people to accept it.

This is the point of Dinesh D'Souza's book, "Ronald Reagan: How an Ordinary Man Became an Extraordinary Leader." D'Souza served in the Reagan Whitehouse for a period of time and thus speaks from experience. What D'Souza offers is not a traditional biography, but rather a historical assessment of the Reagan administration. Was it successful? Did he leave America and the world in better shape?

D'Souza seeks to set the record straight. He argues that Reagan was a great President and a great leader. With the advantage of history, we can look at things, as they really were, and assess his Presidency more accurately.

D'Souza spends most of his time looking at the two greatest issues that Reagan faced: the economy and the Cold War. On both, he argues, Reagan succeeded. The author offers statistics, data, and information about just how bad the economy was when he was elected. He goes on to add that even though things were getting worse in 1982, Reagan remained firm on his policies. Given enough time, Reagan believed that the tax cuts would produce economic growth. And it did. Reagan brought a prosperity to the country that we hadn't seen in decades.

Reagan also was successful in the Cold War. He went against conventional wisdom and confronted the Soviet Union and the spread of communism. Reagan was pictured as a deranged psycho-path with his finger on the button wanting to start a nuclear war. But that couldn't be farther from the truth. Reagan wanted America to win, and she did.

Overall, D'Souza considers Reagan to be a success and I think he is right. He offers a thorough assessment of his President with plenty of references to what the pundits were saying about him at the time. I particularly enjoyed the frequent reference to Reagan's humor. I found myself in constant laughter.

Though D'Souza barely touches on the Iran contra controversy and almost ignores the dangers of Reagan's delegation leadership style that harmed him during his 2nd term, the author offers a good assessment of the President and one in which we should take seriously. Yes, FDR was very significant and changed the world. But so did Reagan. It is time for historians and Americas to give him the credit he deserves. Things changed when he took office. And they changed for the better.
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Thursday, September 3, 2009

"Why Government Won't Save You"

What is the Bible say regarding politics? Especially American politics? There perhaps has not been a more debated issue that this in recent centuries. It seems like every 4 years, the debate continues to rage and people continue to disagree. But what does the Bible say about politics? To answer that, I encourage everyone to read John MacArthur's "Why Government Can't Save You An Alternative To Political Activism."

MacArthur's point is to expound on what the Bible says about politics and engaging the government. He raises issues of voting, taxes, paying taxes, politicians, morality, justice, etc. The most important thing that MacArthur argues is the fact that to the believer the gospel is the center, the main focus, and the primary issue. To put our trust in government rather than in God or the gospel is to undermine the Christian worldview and the Biblical commands. MacArthur is concerned with the gospel first and foremost. The only solution to solving crime is not a new penal system, but the gospel. The only right tax policy is the gospel. The best politicians is one conformed to the gospel. The only way to have peace is the gospel.

What MacArthur offers here needs to be read by all believers. Oftentimes, both left and right, Christians put more hope in government and politicians than in the gospel and the author and finisher of our faith. Let us heed MacArthur's words and be ministers of the gospel and not just mouthpieces for a political platform or a voting block.

Tuesday, September 1, 2009

Luther: Man Between God and the Devil

Heiko Oberman: Luther: Man Between God and the Devil

Over the centuries, historians, theologians, and scholars alike have found the German monk and the father of the Great Reformation, Martin Luther, to be one of the most important people since the end of the apostolic age. Martin Luther changed the world. While revolting against the ecclesiastical powers of his day, Luther managed to bring an end of the medieval era and welcomed the world to the modern period. Luther’s life theology continues to be studied, probed, written about, researched, and adopted by many today with no signs of slowing down.

Summary

Due to his popularity, it is no surprise that many biographies of the Reformer exist. One could easily spend years reading biography after biography of Luther. In recent years, Heiko Oberman’s work on Luther has become one of the standard texts for those studying Luther. Oberman offers an unconvictional biography who traces Luther’s life and theology identifying persistent themes throughout.

Luther, Oberman argues, stands between God and the devil. The Reformer believed that "the Devil would not ‘tolerate’ the rediscovery of the Gospel; he would rebel with all his might, and must all his forces against it" (12). Luther’s Reformation, he believed, would be countered by the Devil which would usher in the Last Days. "For where God is at work . . . the Devil . . . is never far away" (12).

The author begins by looking at the road leading up to the Reformation. He looks at the Germany that Luther knew and how it impacted his life: the political, social, and ecclesiastical circumstances and situations that Luther found himself in. Furthermore, the cry for reformation was nothing new in Luther’s world, for many had been crying for it. Luther’s childhood was one of expectancy and hope. Many had been praying for reform, but none expected it to come in the manner in which it did.

The second part of the book looks at some of the major events in Luther’s Reformation. First, the author argues that though many had been looking for the Reformation, none expected to come as it did. The author discusses the beginning of Luther’s turn towards the Reformation. In 1505, Luther entered the Augustinian monastery in obedience to his vow to Saint Anne and in search for his own salvation. Luther’s time in the monastery led to his study of theology and Scripture, to his work as a doctor of theology, and eventually to his discovery of the gospel and his revolt against Rome. Though Luther would be vehemently opposed, he remained faithful to the gospel as is revealed in Scripture.

The final part of the book the peril of the Reformation. Here, the author looks at various theological debates, disagreements, and divisions within and among the various reformers. Some of these issues include the debate between Luther and Erasmus over the freedom (or bondage as Luther saw it) of the will. The author also looks into the sacramental debate and divide between Luther’s camp and Ulrich Zwingli’s camp. Luther took a more literal interpretation of "This is my body, etc." while Zwingli took a more symbolic interpretation of the sacrament. The two, after a number of attempts, could not disagree on the issue and could never unite their efforts of Reform. These are just two of the many examples sited by the author.

The author also looks into other events in the life and theology of Luther such as his marriage and home life. Luther as a monk married a nun named Katie von Bora which caused a great stir and controversial. Monks and nuns do not get married and now Luther, one of the most controversial and influential persons in all of Germany, as a monk was marry a nun. Any look into the relationship Luther had with his wife and children is always interesting.

The author concludes by looking at the character and legacy of the Reformer. Oberman concludes by closing his argument, that is, Luther stood between God and the devil. His conclusion sums it up the best:

Luther must have had a very strong constitution, or he would never have been able to bear strain, overwork, and constant physical ailments for so long. But there is a deeper source for his exceptional vitality. Health is God’s domain; death the Devil’s intent. Luther learned to draw life from the struggle against the Devil. For the just shall live by faith, and "life" does not begin in Heaven. According to the medieval memento mori, in the midst of life we are surrounded by death. Luther’s faith enabled him to vigorously turn this on its head: "In the midst of death we are surrounded by life." -330

Critical Evaluation

Oberman offers an excellent analysis and provides keen insight into the life, times, and theology of Martin Luther. There is much to commend here. First, Oberman’s scholarship is impeccable. It is clear why Oberman is a well respected scholar on Luther and his insight, knowledge, and experience with Luther shows on every page.

One thing I particularly liked about Oberman’s work was how he described Luther. Oberman reminds the reader that Luther was not a person of pride who revolted against Rome in order to gain recognition. Luther could not care less about the sell of his books (which he made very little, if anything at all in) or respect gained as a theologian. Rather, Luther cared about the gospel, about overcoming the temptations and corruption of the Devil, about reforming God’s Church that He had established. Luther’s willingness to be excommunicated by Rome and condemned by the Emperor shows a man willing to give up everything for the sake of the gospel.

Too many today see Luther simply as a man of arrogance who wanted to be remembered. His language, the violence, the revolt, his sermons, his books, and the intensity in which he fought for reform strikes of pride and arrogance. Such a caricature of Luther is unfortunate. Oberman is right in correct this caricature.

Another thing to compliment the author regards his concern for the entire life of Luther. Many biographies briefly discuss his childhood up to the day he was struck by lightening and entered the monastery, and then briefly summarize his later life. It is common, at least it oftentimes seems, for biographers to only care about ten years of Luther’s life from the nailing of the 95 theses to his debate with Erasmus. Oberman, on the other hand, manages to cover all of Luther’s life. By discussing, in some detail, his debate with Zwingli, his final days and death, the influence and person of his mother (who is oftentimes ignored), his relation with his father before and after becoming a monk, and other key events in Luther’s life that are oftentimes ignored, the author paints a fuller and more accurate picture of Luther. Though that pivotal decade is critical, Luther’s influence, works, writings, preaching, and theology is not limited to those ten years.

Finally, Oberman seems to be among a few willing to discuss and take on the issue of the language Luther used. The author provides the reader with more than enough evidence that Luther used crude and inappropriate language frequently throughout his entire life. Oberman offers keen insight into the reasons why Luther used such language and why he insisted on persisting to use such language. Very few are willing to take up the subject and yet Oberman makes it look so easy.

Though there is much to commend Oberman in his work, there is also much to criticize. First, I had a hard time keeping up with the author. If I had never read a biography of Luther before or if I knew nothing of him, I fear that I would have been completely confused after reading this book. At times I found myself switching gears and switching decades. Oberman begins with the death of Luther and within a few dozen pages, the reader is sent back to look at his childhood and then rushed into Worms. At times the only way I could keep things straight was to look at the years or to look at the chronology provided by the author in the back.

Furthermore, I was a little disappointed that the author failed to go into more detail on some of the climaxes of Luther’s life. Although I appreciate the thoroughness of his look at Luther, it comes at the cost of the needed detail in some (not all) of the major events in his life. I particularly found Worms rather brief and one cannot deny the significance of that event.

Conclusion

Overall, the author provides some important insight and scholarship to the study of Luther. Oberman has written a book that has captured the attention of many. He writes with ease, clarity, and with an obviously understanding of the man and the issues that surrounds him. However, in comparison with other biographies, this is not the best. For one, it does not read like a biography. Oberman has his objectives and his main objective is not to give a chronological account of this great man of faith. For those who love all things Luther, this is yet another insightful and valuable read. But for those looking for a place to begin, perhaps it would be best to look elsewhere.

For more:
The Trial of Luther
Martin Luther: The Christian Between God and Death
My Top 5 Must Reads - which includes my favorite Luther Biography: "Here I stand"by Roland Bainton
Martin Luther (1483-1546)
Luther: Contend For the Faith
The Mount Rushmore of Preachers and Pastors
Reformation Day '08
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